regmedjournalРегенерация органов и тканейРегенерация органов и тканей2949-5938Общество регенеративной медицины10.60043/2949-5938-2026-2-10-21regmedjournal-150Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И КОММЕНТАРИИREVIEWS AND COMMENTSУчастие энхансер-ассоциированных РНК в активации программ регенерацииEnhancer-associated RNAs as activators of regeneration programПутляеваЛ. В.PutlyaevaL. V.

Путляева Лидия Викторовна — к.б.н., с.н.с. лаборатории молекулярной эндокринологии Центра регенеративной медицины

119991, Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, 27, к. 1

Lidia V. Putlyaeva — Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Center for Regenerative Medicine

119991, Moscow, Lomonosovsky ave., 27-1

КалининаН. И.KalininaN. I.

Калинина Наталья Игоревна — к.б.н., в.н.с. лаборатории генных и клеточных технологий Факультета фундаментальной медицины

119991, Москва, Ломоносовский пр-т, 27, к. 1

Natalia I. Kalinina — Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technologies, Faculty of Fundamental Medicine

119991, Moscow, Lomonosovsky ave., 27-1

kalininani@my.msu.ruМедицинский научно-образовательный институт, МГУ имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияMedical Research and Educational Institute of the Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202609102026421021Copyright © Путляева Л.В., Калинина Н.И., 20262026Путляева Л.В., Калинина Н.И.Putlyaeva L.V., Kalinina N.I.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.regmed-journal.ru/jour/article/view/150

Регенерация тканей требует быстрой смены фенотипа клеток, а значит, глобального переключения в них экспрессии генов. Управление экспрессией по-прежнему остается, пожалуй, одним из центральных вопросов биологии, несмотря на обилие накопленных знаний о структуре генов, работе их регуляторных элементов и механизмах привлечения и активации РНК полимераз.По данным последних лет, решающую роль в быстрой активации транскрипционных программ могут играть энхансерные РНК — короткоживущие некодирующие молекулы, транскрибируемые с активных энхансеров. Появление таких РНК способствует сборке так называемых суперэнхансеров и стабилизации транскрипционных конденсатов, что приводит к активации транскрипции целых кластеров генов. Данный обзор посвящен механизмам участия eRNA в активации транскрипционных программ, задействованных при регенерации тканей.

Tissue regeneration requires a rapid change in the phenotype of cells, which means a global switch in their gene expression. Regulation of gene expression remains perhaps the main mystery in biology, despite the wealth of knowledge accumulated about the structure of genes, the functioning of their regulatory elements, and the mechanisms of recruiting and activating RNA polymerases.According to recent data, enhancer RNAs — short-lived non-coding molecules transcribed from active enhancers — may play a decisive role in the rapid activation of transcriptional programs. The emergence of such RNAs promotes the assembly of so-called super-enhancers and the stabilization of transcriptional condensates, which leads to the activation of transcription of entire gene clusters. This review is devoted to the mechanisms of eRNA involvement in the activation of transcriptional programs involved in tissue regeneration.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.