regmedjournalРегенерация органов и тканейРегенерация органов и тканей2949-5938Общество регенеративной медицины10.60043/2949-5938-2024-1-54-77regmedjournal-52Research ArticleОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЙ ЛАНДШАФТ РЕГЕНЕРАТИВНОЙ МЕДИЦИНЫEDUCATIONAL LANDSCAPE OF REGENERATIVE MEDICINEТехнологии редактирования генома и перспективы их применения в биомедицинеGenome editing technologies and prospects for their use in biomedicineКарагяурМ. Н.KaragyaurM. N.

Карагяур Максим Николаевич  — к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник, Институт регенеративной медицины; доцент, Факультет фундаментальной медицины

119192, Ломоносовский проспект, 27, к. 1, Москва

119192, Ломоносовский проспект, 27, к. 10, Москва

Maxim N. Karagyaur — phD, senior researcher, Institute for Regenerative Medicine; Associate Professor, Faculty of Medicine

119192, Lomonosovsky prospect, 27/1, Moscow

119192, Lomonosovsky prospect, 27/10, Moscow

m.karagyaur@mail.ruПримакА. Л.PrimakA. L.

Примак Александра Леонидовна  — аспирант, лаборант-исследователь НИЛ генных и клеточных технологий, Факультет фундаментальной медицины

119192, Ломоносовский проспект, 27, к. 1, Москва

Alexandra L. Primak — phD student, laboratory researcher, Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technologies, Faculty of Medicine

119192, Lomonosovsky prospect, 27/1, Moscow

ДжауариС. С.DzhauariS. S.

Джауари Сталик Станиславович  — аспирант, лаборант-исследователь НИЛ генных и клеточных технологий, Факультет фундаментальной медицины

119192, Ломоносовский проспект, 27, к. 1, Москва

Stalik S. Dzhauari — phD student, laboratory researcher, Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technologies, Faculty of Medicine

119192, Lomonosovsky prospect, 27/1, Moscow

БозовК. Д.BozovK. D.

Бозов Кирилл Дмитриевич — аспирант, лаборант-исследователь НИЛ генных и клеточных технологий, Факультет фундаментальной медицины

119192, Ломоносовский проспект, 27, к. 1, Москва

Kirill D. Bozov — phD student, laboratory researcher, Laboratory of Gene and Cell Technologies, Faculty of Medicine

119192, Lomonosovsky prospect, 27/1, Moscow

МакусьЮ. В.MakusYu. V.

Макусь Юлия Валерьевна — студент-практикант кафедры биохимии и регенеративной биомедицины факультета фундаментальной медицины

119192, Ломоносовский проспект, 27, к. 1, Москва

Yulia V. Makus — intern student, Department of Biochemistry and Regenerative Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine

119192, Lomonosovsky prospect, 27/1, Moscow

ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»; Институт регенеративной медицины, Медицинский научно-образовательный центр, ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»РоссияLomonosov Moscow State University; Institute for regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова»РоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202412102024215477Copyright © Карагяур М.Н., Примак А.Л., Джауари С.С., Бозов К.Д., Макусь Ю.В., 20242024Карагяур М.Н., Примак А.Л., Джауари С.С., Бозов К.Д., Макусь Ю.В.Karagyaur M.N., Primak A.L., Dzhauari S.S., Bozov K.D., Makus Y.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.regmed-journal.ru/jour/article/view/52

Технологии редактирования генома и  их модификации являются незаменимым инструментом для изучения функций отдельных молекул, получения клеточных линий и  животных с  заданными свойствами, а  также разработки перспективных подходов к терапии не излечимых ранее заболеваний. Данный обзор освещает различные аспекты технологий геномного редактирования: от их биологического значения до принципов функционирования и наиболее перспективных областей применения в фундаментальных и прикладных исследованиях. Особое внимание уделено обсуждению ограничений технологий редактирования генома, а также правовых и этических аспектов их применения для коррекции генома человека. Данный обзор может быть интересен широкому кругу читателей, желающих узнать больше о  технологиях редактирования генома и планирующих их практическое применение.

Genome editing technologies and their modifications are an indispensable tool for studying the functions of individual molecules, obtaining cell lines and animals with specified properties, and developing promising approaches to the therapy of previously untreatable diseases. This review covers various aspects of genome editing technologies: from their biological significance to the principles of their functioning and the most promising areas of application in basic and applied research. Particular attention is paid to discussing the limitations of genome editing technologies, as well as the legal and ethical aspects of their application to human genome modification. This review may be of interest to a wide range of readers, including researchers wishing to learn more about genome editing technologies and planning their practical application.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.