Evolution of approaches to manipulating the genetic material of living objects: from selection to genome editing
https://doi.org/10.60043/2949-5938-2025-1-10-21
Abstract
Genome editing systems are powerful tools capable of precisely modifying genetic material in its natural context within a living organism. Due to these remarkable capabilities, editing systems have found a wide range of applications in all areas of biological science and medicine. In this review, we provide a brief historical overview of the origins and development of various genome editing systems. The evolution of this field has been accompanied by significant discoveries and the awarding of numerous Nobel Prizes. Tracing the logic of scientific thought in the quest to understand and modify the material basis of heredity, this manuscript aims to provide budding researchers with a comprehensive picture of the vast universe of genome editing systems. Understanding the full spectrum of potential activity of editing systems obliges researchers to use them thoughtfully and responsibly.
Keywords
Supporting agencies: The study was carried out as part of Lomonosov Moscow State University state assignment.
About the Authors
D. V. Stambolsky
Medical Research and Educational Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Dmitry V. Stambolsky — Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Department of Scientific Programs and Innovative Technologies, University Clinic, Medical Research and Educational Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University.
119192, Moscow, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/10
Competing Interests:
None
A. V. Zakharova
Medical Research and Educational Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Alina V. Zakharova — PhD student, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Research and Educational Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University.
119192, Moscow, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/10
Competing Interests:
None
M. N. Karagyaur
Medical Research and Educational Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Maxim N. Karagyaur — Dr. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Regenerative Biomedicine, Senior Researcher, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Educational Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University.
119192, Moscow, Lomonosovsky Ave., 27/10
Competing Interests:
None
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For citations:
Stambolsky D.V., Zakharova A.V., Karagyaur M.N. Evolution of approaches to manipulating the genetic material of living objects: from selection to genome editing. Регенерация органов и тканей. 2025;3(1):10-21. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.60043/2949-5938-2025-1-10-21
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